（1）光源系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(1) Common faults in light source systems

（a）光線發(fā)暗。排除了是光柵遮擋的原因外，基本可以肯定是燈泡接近使用壽命，更換新燈泡則可。氙光燈泡的使用壽命一般設(shè)計(jì)在500小時(shí)，如果光源系統(tǒng)有壽命計(jì)時(shí)裝置，這個(gè)問題就很容易。

(a) The light is dim. Excluding the possibility of grating obstruction, it is generally certain that the bulb is nearing its lifespan, and replacing it with a new bulb is sufficient. The service life of xenon light bulbs is generally designed to be 500 hours. If the light source system has a lifespan timer device, this problem can be easily solved.

（b）開機(jī)燈泡不亮。如果排除了燒掉燈泡這個(gè)原因的話，那么問題常常就出在主機(jī)高壓點(diǎn)火電路部分，因?yàn)殚_機(jī)的時(shí)候機(jī)器會(huì)產(chǎn)生上萬(wàn)伏特的脈沖高壓，元件會(huì)老化得特別快。注意此時(shí)不能用萬(wàn)用表去檢查脈沖高壓。

(b) The light bulb does not light up when turned on. If the reason for burning out the light bulb is ruled out, the problem often lies in the high-voltage ignition circuit of the host, because when the machine is turned on, it will generate tens of thousands of volts of pulse high voltage, and the components will age very quickly. Be careful not to use a multimeter to check for pulse high voltage at this time.

（2）人工氣腹系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(2) Common malfunctions of artificial pneumoperitoneum systems

（a）壓力顯示不正確。這多是氣體壓力傳感器損壞，如果機(jī)器設(shè)計(jì)有一組多個(gè)壓差壓力傳感器同時(shí)工作的，一般一個(gè)老化或者污染無法工作的時(shí)候，我們要把這組傳感器全部更換，否則只換其中一個(gè)，其他的同組的傳感器壽命也接近臨界了。

(a) The pressure display is incorrect. This is mostly due to damage to gas pressure sensors. If the machine is designed with a group of multiple differential pressure sensors working simultaneously, usually when one sensor is aging or contaminated and cannot work, we need to replace all of this group of sensors. Otherwise, only one of them will be replaced, and the lifespan of other sensors in the same group will also be close to the critical point.

（b）流量不準(zhǔn)確。氣體流量傳感器損壞更換即可。有時(shí)候是通過壓差來計(jì)算流量的，這時(shí)候我們就要更換新的壓差傳感器。

(b) Inaccurate traffic. Replace the damaged gas flow sensor. Sometimes the flow rate is calculated by pressure difference, and at this time we need to replace it with a new pressure difference sensor.

（c）設(shè)備漏氣。很多情況是器械密封圈老化而引起的。但也有設(shè)備機(jī)械減壓閥漏氣和電磁閥損壞的原因，這個(gè)比較容易判斷出并對(duì)其進(jìn)行修復(fù)。

(c) Equipment leaks air. Many cases are caused by aging of instrument sealing rings. But there are also reasons for mechanical pressure reducing valve leakage and electromagnetic valve damage, which are relatively easy to identify and repair.

（3）液體加壓系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(3) Common faults in liquid pressurization systems

（a）蠕動(dòng)泵損壞。

(a) The peristaltic pump is damaged.

（b）液體壓力傳感器損壞。其原理基本與氣體壓力傳感器相同。

(b) The liquid pressure sensor is damaged. Its principle is basically the same as gas pressure sensors.

（c）設(shè)備內(nèi)部電路損壞。

(c) The internal circuit of the equipment is damaged.

（4）電凝電切系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(4) Common faults in electrocoagulation and electrocautery systems

（a）設(shè)備配件損壞。如腳踏開關(guān)，負(fù)極板導(dǎo)線，連接導(dǎo)線等常用的易損配件。

(a) Damaged equipment accessories. Commonly used vulnerable accessories such as foot switches, negative electrode wires, and connecting wires.

（b）電切、電凝，雙極故障。在設(shè)備內(nèi)部，這些部分都由不同的電路模塊組成。我們可以根據(jù)其表現(xiàn)的故障現(xiàn)象對(duì)相應(yīng)的模塊電路進(jìn)行維修或更換。

(b) Electric cutting, electrocoagulation, bipolar fault. Internally, these parts are composed of different circuit modules. We can repair or replace the corresponding module circuit based on the symptoms of the malfunction.

（5）動(dòng)力、消融系統(tǒng)常見的故障

(5) Common faults in power and ablation systems

（a）動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)主要是刨削刀頭的磨損和刨削手柄中的高能電機(jī)出現(xiàn)問題，而電機(jī)的更換是有選擇性的，并不是每種電機(jī)都有更換配件的。因此在和使用過程中要分外注意保護(hù)。

(a) The power system is mainly due to the wear of the planer blade and problems with the high-energy motor in the planer handle, and the replacement of the motor is selective, not every type of motor has replacement parts. Therefore, special attention should be paid to protection during disinfection and use.

（b）消融系統(tǒng)在手術(shù)應(yīng)用中主要是刀頭的損耗。而設(shè)備故障多為電路故障，一般從輸出部分著手。

(b) The ablation system is mainly used in surgical applications due to the loss of the blade. And equipment failures are mostly circuit failures, usually starting from the output part.

（6）沖洗吸引系統(tǒng)常見故障

(6) Common faults in flushing and suction systems

（a）壓力或者吸力不足。設(shè)備中的雙向泵老化,或者負(fù)壓瓶漏氣。

(a) Insufficient pressure or suction. The bidirectional pump in the equipment is aging, or the negative pressure bottle is leaking.

（b）設(shè)備無法開機(jī),一般多為液體進(jìn)入設(shè)備,在沒燒壞相關(guān)部件的情況下清理干凈被錯(cuò)吸的液體就可以了。

(b) The device cannot be turned on, usually due to liquid entering the device. Clean up the mistakenly aspirated liquid without burning the relevant components.

為了盡可能減少設(shè)備故障的發(fā)生，應(yīng)設(shè)立腹腔鏡專用手術(shù)間，以減少儀器的搬動(dòng)及損壞，并指派腔鏡?？谱o(hù)士使用和保養(yǎng)，腔鏡專科護(hù)士應(yīng)熟悉儀器性能與結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及正確的使用方法，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作規(guī)程，抓好手術(shù)前檢查、術(shù)中故障排除、術(shù)后及時(shí)維護(hù)保養(yǎng)3個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。如果是設(shè)備出問題，是采取應(yīng)急維修，因?yàn)檫@樣能占故障85%左右的中小故障。

In order to minimize the occurrence of equipment failures, a dedicated laparoscopic operating room should be established to reduce the movement and damage of instruments, and specialized laparoscopic nurses should be assigned to use and maintain them. Specialized laparoscopic nurses should be fully familiar with the performance and structural characteristics of instruments and the correct usage methods, strictly follow operating procedures, and focus on three aspects: preoperative inspection, intraoperative troubleshooting, and timely postoperative maintenance. If there is a problem with the equipment, the first step is to take emergency maintenance, as this can solve about 85% of small and medium-sized faults.

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