應(yīng)用方面，簡(jiǎn)單的可以分為兩大類(lèi)，就是工業(yè)用內(nèi)窺鏡和醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡。

In terms of application, it can be simply divided into two categories: industrial endoscopes and medical endoscopes.

關(guān)于工業(yè)內(nèi)窺鏡的種類(lèi)，從成像形式分為：光學(xué)內(nèi)窺鏡、光纖內(nèi)窺鏡、電子內(nèi)窺鏡、CCD視頻內(nèi)窺鏡、CMOS視頻內(nèi)窺鏡、電動(dòng)360°內(nèi)窺鏡 。從內(nèi)窺鏡光源種類(lèi)分為高頻熒光燈內(nèi)窺鏡、光纖鹵素?zé)魞?nèi)窺鏡、LED內(nèi)窺鏡

Regarding the types of industrial endoscopes, they can be divided into optical endoscopes, fiber optic endoscopes, electronic endoscopes, CCD video endoscopes, CMOS video endoscopes, and electric 360 ° endoscopes based on their imaging forms. According to the types of endoscopic light sources, they can be divided into high-frequency fluorescent endoscope, fiber halogen endoscope, and LED endoscope

關(guān)于醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡分類(lèi)，按其發(fā)展及成像構(gòu)造分類(lèi)：可大體分為3大類(lèi)：硬管式內(nèi)鏡、光學(xué)纖維(軟管式)內(nèi)鏡和電子內(nèi)鏡。

Regarding the classification of medical endoscopes, according to their development and imaging structure, they can be broadly divided into three categories: rigid tube endoscopes, optical fiber (flexible tube) endoscopes, and electronic endoscopes.

醫(yī)療檢查用內(nèi)窺鏡有許多不同的種類(lèi)，其分類(lèi)方法各有不同，一般來(lái)講比較通用的有下列三種分類(lèi)法。在市場(chǎng)銷(xiāo)售方面，目前使用多的類(lèi)別以臨床上能否改變方向分為硬質(zhì)鏡和彈性軟鏡兩種。

There are many different types of endoscopes used in medical examinations, and their classification methods are different. Generally speaking, the following three classification methods are more commonly used. In terms of market sales, there are currently two types of lenses that are commonly used: rigid lenses and flexible lenses, based on whether they can change direction in clinical practice.

按內(nèi)窺鏡的功能分為：?jiǎn)喂δ茜R及多功能鏡。單功能鏡是指沒(méi)有工作通道，僅有光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的觀(guān)察鏡;多功能鏡指除具有觀(guān)察鏡的功能為，在同一鏡身，還具有至少一個(gè)以上的工作通道，具有照明、手術(shù)、沖洗及吸引等多種功能。

According to the functions of endoscopes, they are divided into single function endoscopes and multifunctional endoscopes. Single function mirror refers to an observation mirror with no working channel and only an optical system; A multifunctional mirror refers to a device that not only has the function of an observation mirror, but also has at least one working channel in the same mirror body, and has multiple functions such as lighting, surgery, flushing, and suction.

按內(nèi)窺鏡所到達(dá)的部位不同進(jìn)行分類(lèi)：分為耳鼻喉內(nèi)窺鏡、口腔內(nèi)窺鏡、牙科內(nèi)窺鏡、神經(jīng)鏡、尿道膀胱鏡、電切鏡、腹腔鏡、關(guān)節(jié)鏡、鼻竇鏡、喉鏡等。

Classify according to the different locations reached by endoscopes: ear, nose, and throat endoscopes, oral endoscopes, dental endoscopes, neuroscopes, urethral cystoscopy, electrocautery, laparoscopy, arthroscopy, sinusoscopy, laryngoscopy, etc.

臨床上根據(jù)內(nèi)窺鏡鏡身能否改變方向進(jìn)行分類(lèi)：分為硬質(zhì)鏡和彈性軟鏡兩種。硬質(zhì)鏡(RIGID ENDOSCOPE)為棱鏡光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，大優(yōu)點(diǎn)是成像清晰，可配多個(gè)工作通道，選取多個(gè)視角。彈性軟鏡(FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPE)為光導(dǎo)纖維光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，此光纖內(nèi)窺鏡大特點(diǎn)是鏡頭部分可被術(shù)者操縱改變方向，擴(kuò)大應(yīng)用的范圍，但成像效果不如硬質(zhì)鏡效果好。

In clinical practice, endoscopes are classified based on whether they can change direction: they are divided into two types: rigid endoscopes and flexible endoscopes. RIGID ENDOSCOPE is a prism optical system with the major advantage of clear imaging, multiple working channels, and the ability to select multiple perspectives. FLEXIBILE ENDOSCOPE is an optical fiber system. The main feature of this fiber optic endoscope is that the lens can be manipulated by the surgeon to change direction and expand the application range, but the imaging effect is not as good as that of a hard lens.