The endoscope is a long and soft tube with a micro camera at the top, and a channel in the tube allows various instruments to pass, including snares and biopsy equipment. Endoscopy is a kind of medical means to help diagnose and treat various gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. According to the symptoms, it is mainly used to check the throat, inner wall of stomach and intestine, colon or respiratory tract (nose, throat and lung), and can collect samples of these areas, and then analyze them to determine the nature of the disease.

　　當(dāng)常規(guī)血檢、尿檢、x光和超聲查看不能確診病因時(shí)，應(yīng)運(yùn)用內(nèi)窺鏡檢查。查看胃腸道內(nèi)壁和呼吸道有助于更加順利地找到問(wèn)題的根源。關(guān)于較薄的反常組織，可在內(nèi)窺過(guò)程中切取樣本并拿出來(lái)活檢剖析。在異物阻塞的情況下，內(nèi)窺鏡檢查是一種能替代“切斷手術(shù)”的非常好的方法。

　　When routine blood test, urine test, X-ray and ultrasonic examination can not confirm the cause of the disease, endoscopy should be used. Looking at the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract will help you to find the root cause of the problem more smoothly. For thinner abnormal tissues, samples can be cut and biopsied during endoscopy. In the case of foreign body obstruction, endoscopy is a very good alternative to "amputation surgery".
               

　　而如果需求進(jìn)行全層活檢，通常不建議運(yùn)用內(nèi)窺鏡查看。別的，內(nèi)窺鏡無(wú)法用來(lái)檢查腸道異物或中腸疾病。

　　If a full-thickness biopsy is required, endoscopy is not usually recommended. In addition, endoscopy cannot be used to detect intestinal foreign bodies or midgut diseases.

　　內(nèi)窺鏡能夠用來(lái)檢查什么呢？

　　What can an endoscope be used to check?

　　內(nèi)窺鏡檢查能顯示胃內(nèi)是否有異物存在。它也被用來(lái)揭示胃、腸、結(jié)腸或呼吸道中是否有可疑或反常的區(qū)域。如有需求，內(nèi)窺鏡還能協(xié)助獸醫(yī)進(jìn)行活檢。

　　Endoscopy can show the presence of foreign bodies in the stomach. It is also used to reveal whether there are suspicious or abnormal areas in the stomach, intestine, colon or respiratory tract. Endoscopes can also assist veterinarians with biopsies if needed.

　　如何在身上做內(nèi)窺鏡檢查？

　　How to do an endoscopy on a dog?

　　內(nèi)窺鏡查看是在全身麻醉下進(jìn)行的。一旦患失去認(rèn)識(shí)，獸醫(yī)再把呼吸管預(yù)備就位，內(nèi)窺鏡檢查就能夠開(kāi)始了。內(nèi)窺鏡的會(huì)涂有微量的潤(rùn)滑劑，以便能較為容易地通入的體內(nèi)。內(nèi)窺鏡的會(huì)先被放置在身體的孔口處(如：口、結(jié)腸或氣管)。然后操作者運(yùn)用目鏡進(jìn)一步引導(dǎo)儀器經(jīng)過(guò)食道、結(jié)腸或呼吸道。獸醫(yī)會(huì)在某些情況下往管道里通入空氣使胃腸道脹大，以便觀察。一旦異物或反常區(qū)域被定位，特定的儀器就能夠經(jīng)過(guò)管道內(nèi)的通道進(jìn)入體內(nèi)。經(jīng)過(guò)運(yùn)用目鏡和操作內(nèi)窺鏡的，該儀器能夠用來(lái)檢測(cè)一個(gè)特定區(qū)域或提取活檢樣本。一旦手術(shù)完成，多余的空氣就會(huì)從腸道中被抽出，然后內(nèi)窺鏡被移除。任何活檢樣本都要提交給外部實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行剖析。測(cè)驗(yàn)成果或許需求3-5天。內(nèi)窺鏡查看的整個(gè)過(guò)程或許需求1-3個(gè)小時(shí)。

　　Endoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. Once the dog loses recognition, the veterinarian prepares the breathing tube in place, and the endoscopy can start. The top end of the endoscope will be coated with a small amount of lubricant, so that it can be easily passed into the dog's body. The top end of the endoscope is placed at the opening of the body (such as the mouth, colon or trachea). The operator then uses the eyepiece to further guide the instrument safely through the esophagus, colon or respiratory tract. In some cases, veterinarians will put air into the tube to swell the gastrointestinal tract for observation. Once a foreign object or abnormal area is located, a specific instrument can enter the body through a channel in the pipe. Through the use of eyepiece and operation of the top-level endoscope, the instrument can be used to detect a specific area or extract biopsy samples. Once the operation is completed, excess air is drawn out of the intestine and the endoscope is removed. Any biopsy samples should be submitted to an external laboratory for analysis. Test results may take 3-5 days. The whole process of endoscopic viewing may take 1-3 hours.

　　許多獸醫(yī)診所都不會(huì)提供內(nèi)窺鏡檢查。因?yàn)橄嚓P(guān)的設(shè)備往往是非常貴重的，并且獸醫(yī)如果想把握熟練的內(nèi)窺鏡檢查才能的話，就必須接受適當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的培訓(xùn)時(shí)間，為此，內(nèi)窺鏡檢查或許需求轉(zhuǎn)介到專(zhuān)科診所來(lái)進(jìn)行。

　　Many veterinary clinics do not offer endoscopy. Because the relevant equipment is often very expensive, and if the veterinarian wants to master the skill of endoscopy, he must receive appropriate long training time. Therefore, endoscopy may need to be referred to a specialist clinic.

　　內(nèi)窺鏡檢查是無(wú)痛的嗎？

　　Is endoscopy painless?

　　因?yàn)槭中g(shù)是在麻醉下進(jìn)行的，所以不會(huì)感覺(jué)到痛苦。別的，這項(xiàng)檢查也不會(huì)觸及“切斷”，所以術(shù)后不會(huì)有任何痛苦。然而，術(shù)后或許會(huì)呈現(xiàn)因?yàn)闀簳r(shí)放置呼吸管而導(dǎo)致的不適感，不過(guò)，這種不適感也是因而異的。

　　Because the operation is performed under anesthesia, the dog will not feel pain. In addition, the examination will not touch "cut off", so there will be no pain after the operation. However, the discomfort caused by the temporary placement of the breathing tube may appear after the operation, but the discomfort also varies from dog to dog.

　　內(nèi)窺鏡檢查需求冷靜或麻醉嗎？

　　Does endoscopy require calmness or anesthesia?

　　上面提到過(guò)，內(nèi)窺鏡檢查是需求全身麻醉的，以此來(lái)使處于一個(gè)失去認(rèn)識(shí)、無(wú)痛苦和肌肉放松的狀態(tài)。在通常情況下，寵物會(huì)先被服用冷靜藥物來(lái)協(xié)助它放松，然后再給它施予時(shí)間短的靜脈麻醉以答應(yīng)獸醫(yī)在它的氣管中放置呼吸管，隨后在手術(shù)過(guò)程中不斷通入麻醉氣體來(lái)使它處于“無(wú)認(rèn)識(shí)”的狀態(tài)。

　　As mentioned above, endoscopy requires general anesthesia to keep the dog in a state of loss of awareness, pain free and muscle relaxation. In general, a pet will be given a cool drug to help him relax, and then given a short-term intravenous anesthesia to allow the veterinarian to place a breathing tube in his trachea. Then, during the operation, he will be continuously infused with anesthetic gas to keep him in the "unconscious" state.